Translation Samples

Osteomyelitis is an increasingly common pathology that often poses a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. Accurate and timely diagnosis is critical to prevent complications that can result in the loss of life or limb. In addition to history, physical exam, and laboratory studies, diagnostic imaging plays an essential role in the diagnostic process. This narrative review article discusses various imaging modalities employed to diagnose , namely plain films, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, bone scintigraphy, and positron emission tomography (PET). Articles were obtained from PubMed and screened for relevance to the topic of diagnostic imaging for osteomyelitis. The authors conclude that plain films are an appropriate first step as they may reveal osteolytic changes and can help rule out alternative pathology. MRI is often the most appropriate second study, as it is highly sensitive and can detect bone marrow changes within days of an infection. Other studies such as CT, ultrasound, and bone scintigraphy may be useful in patients who cannot undergo MRI. CT is useful for identifying necrotic bones in chronic infections. Ultrasound may be useful in children or with sickle-cell disease. Bone scintigraphy is particularly useful for vertebral osteomyelitis. Finally, PET has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity; however, its clinical application is limited by its high cost and poor availability. When used appropriately, diagnostic imaging can provide high sensitivity and specificity for detecting osteomyelitis, making radiographic evaluation a crucial step in the diagnostic process of this debilitating condition.

Osteomyelitis is an increasingly common pathology condition that often poses a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. Accurate and timely diagnosis is critical to prevent complications that can result in the loss of life or limb. In addition to history, physical examexamination, and laboratory studies, diagnostic imaging plays an essential role in the diagnostic process. This narrative review article discusses various imaging modalities employed to diagnose osteomyelitis1:, namely plain filmsradiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasoundultrasonography2, bone scintigraphy, and positron emission tomography (PET). Articles were obtained from PubMed and screened for relevance to the topic of diagnostic imaging for osteomyelitis. The authors concludeconcluded3 that plain films are radiography is an appropriate first step as they because the images4 may reveal osteolytic changes and can help rule out alternative pathologydisease. MRI is often the most appropriate second study, asstep because it is highly sensitive and can detectreveal5 bone marrow changes within days of an infection. Other studiesimaging modalities6 such as CT, ultrasoundultrasonography, and bone scintigraphy may be useful in patients who cannot undergo MRI. CT is useful for identifying necrotic bones in chronic infections. UltrasoundUltrasonography may be useful in children or with sickle-cell disease. Bone scintigraphy is particularly useful for detecting7 vertebral osteomyelitis. Finally, PET has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity; however, its clinical application is limited by its high cost and poor availability. When used appropriately, diagnostic imaging can providebe highly sensitiveity and specificity for detecting osteomyelitis, making radiographic evaluation a crucial step in the diagnostic process of this debilitating condition.

Osteomyelitis is an increasingly common pathology condition that often posespossesses1 a diagnostic challenge to the clinicians. Accurate and timely diagnosis is critical to preventcrucial for preventing2 complications that can result in the loss of life or limb. In addition to history, physical examexamination, and laboratory studies, diagnostic imaging plays anis3 essential role in the diagnostic process. This4In this narrative review article discusses, various imaging modalities employed to diagnose osteomyelitis5:, namely are described; these include plain filmsradiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasoundultrasonography6, bone scintigraphy, and positron emission tomography (PET). Articles were obtained from identified through7 PubMed and screened for relevance to the topic of diagnostic imaging for osteomyelitis. The authors concludeconcluded8 that plain films are radiography is an appropriate first step as they because the images9 may reveal osteolytic changes and can help rule out alternative pathologydisease. MRI is often the most appropriate second study, asstep because it is highly sensitive and can detectreveal10 bone marrow changes within days of an infection. Other studiesimaging modalities11 such as CT, ultrasoundultrasonography, and bone scintigraphy may be useful infor patients in who MRI cannot undergo MRIbe performed. CT is useful for identifying necrotic bones in chronic infections. UltrasoundUltrasonography may be useful in children or individuals with sickle-cell disease. Bone scintigraphy is particularly useful forin12 detecting13 vertebral osteomyelitis. Finally, PET has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity; however, as it is expensive and often unavailable its clinical application is limited by its high cost and poor availability. When used appropriately, diagnostic imaging can providebe highly sensitiveity and specificity for detecting osteomyelitis, making radiographic evaluation has high sensitivity and specificity for detecting osteomyelitis; thus, it is a crucial step in the diagnostic process ofdiagnosing this debilitating condition.